Environmental impacts resulting from mineral extraction constitute a significant concern to the public. There is widespread interest in the global sphere around the sustainability of mining activities based on the urgency to put the mining industry in a more sustainable framework. This study aims at providing a systematic assessment of all possible climate and environmental changes concerning the impact of electricity generations involving use of wastes around Middlewich town in the UK. By putting the life cycle method of assessment into consideration, production processes were put into three stages: raw materials search, comminution, and transportation. Electricity being an essential drive in all industrial processes, its formation is via calcium precipitation using biochemical mechanisms followed by lengthy compaction. The high demand for limestone-related and the ever-growing number of industries that use it has increased excavation activities. The mainly utilized limestone mining method is that of opencast pits involving bench formation. Limestone mining leads to many environmental disturbances in dust emission, noise at higher levels, greenhouse gases, and landscape disturbance, among other pollution forms. These environmental disturbances have led to a sustainable plan for environmental management in the mining sector. The management plan for managing environmental pollution dramatically depends on the site characteristics.
Middlewich Company Electricity generation from Wastes Environment Impact Assessment
Introduction
EIA is not similar to other decision-making tools, such as environmental audits done for projects that are already in existence. EIA is for new projects or in cases where existing projects need to be expanded. EIA utilizes the techniques of geology, economics, sociology, science, and so on while carrying out project assessment because it deals with events that are yet to occur, events that may not happen, but with solid occurrence chances in the future. Despite other tools such as risk analysis, cost-benefit analysis, and environment management systems, EIA stands out to be the best tool for proposed projects. It also stands out to be the most applied decision-making tool that has been integrated into many countries’ regulatory systems. Environmental, economic, and social changes are all part of development, and while project development targets a positive impact, it may also result in conflicts. There is a need to extract limestone sustainably and makes it easy to refer to the old quarry that has not been exhausted to manage the spread of environmental impact (UPADHYAY, 2017). There is a need to minimize the possibilities of adverse effects and ensure that long-term benefits are captured, resulting in the sustainability concept. Mining, too, has been found to pose a health hazard to those directly involved and individuals in the surrounding environment, so there is a need to do it in a way that upholds health safety for all(Stewart, 2019). The paper seeks to establish the EIA process to establish a Limestone mining company in Purton about 6 kilometers from Window.
Methodology
To be able to evaluate and assess the likely impact as a result of the development of the limestone mining company on the socio-economic environment, apprehensions surrounding people within the mining area will have to be done . A purposive and judgmental sampling approach was utilized in identifying respondents in the different society sections such as unemployed groups, adult females and males, medical practitioners, agriculture laborers, teachers, and business people, among others. The purposive and judgmental sampling covers the suitable cases within the targeted population and will be essential in meeting the research purpose’s needs. Observations and field surveys were applied as data collection methods because they make it easy to carry out sampling for the villages and carry out studies for the region status socio-economically. Visits are to be done to the hospitals, sub-centers, and important health centers to assess the region’s health status. Several government offices that include census and statistical departments, visited to obtain the region’s requisite details. For quality assurance and data collection, compiling has been done for the latest data available to give rise to the current social-economic situation to the targeted study area in Purton. Profiling information concerning the area’s socio-economic condition was obtained from the previous census information about the area. Collection of information about the project area will cover about a radius of 10km. Demographic information about the project area was obtained from the previous census information covering the number of individuals in a house, employment rates, population density, and an average number of individuals in a household.
EIS Critical Assessment
Despite the critical role that mining extraction serves towards meeting the ever-increasing demand for more minerals, environmental impact concerns associated with the use, extraction, and exploration of mineral products have increased. The problems lead to the essential need for ecological sustainability to be carried out in the mining industry in terms of environmental, economic, and social dimensions. Limestone extracted through the opencast mining method has been associated with significant land cover changes and use in the affected region. Preparation for mining involves the clearing of vegetation and trees, which impacts the prevailing ecosystems significantly (Thergaonkar et al., 2019). For areas that are eco-sensitive such as hilly and forest regions, the loss of unique and native species on top of the destruction of biodiversity is disturbing.
Topsoil and excavated represent the soil structure’s most valuable component in terms of fertility and whose formation takes thousands of years. It is not easy to restore topsoil even with land reclamation utilizing rigorous methods. For mineral extraction to be achieved, materials layers above the ore referred to as the overburden needs to be removed. The overburden volumes are usually very high and majorly cost of waste substances and which are at times dumped in open land leading to pits backfilling. Soil property alteration and quality deterioration are bound to happen due to the dumping of materials waste mixed with lime.
The excavation also destroys relicts, natural sinkholes, and relicts and so away with essential land qualities. The application of blasting and the use of explosives in crushing sites to give rise to intended limestone size rubble has a severe environmental impact. High energy is released during explosives detonation, which causes cracks in cave roofs and breakage of naturally formed stalagmites and stalactites, and so significant economic loss. Blasting may lead to the opening of conduit in the quarry floor and are linked to rivers and water storage basins, leading to pollution of water qualities. High levels of noise are also produced during limestone excavation due to blasting, use of drilling and excavator machinery, and operations around unloading and loading. The increased noise pollution may harm humans in terms of hearing issues and the surrounding biodiversity in general (Thergaonkar et al., 2019). Activities taking place in the quarry may directly impact the course and quality of surface water. Big holes created in the process of limestone excavation may affect the flow of surface water. Groundwater and pumped out in limestone excavation may change streams and even make water ponds and other streams dry up. At the same time, blasting may result in the modification of groundwater, which affects the flow of water on the surface, and discharge of water from the quarry may cause increased flood activities. An example of limestone mining impact is as indicated below:
Figure 1:http://environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/FormB/EC/EIA_EMP/19012019SR2V4VBAEIA.pdf
Figure2:http://environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/FormB/EC/EIA_EMP/19012019SR2V4VBAEIA.pdf
Mining activities have also been found to significantly impact the quality of air quality via activities such as approach roads and haul roads construction, blasting and drilling, and transportation of the limestone. Dust emitted from the mining site is a significant concern to the air quality within and around the mining zone. Gaseous pollutants that include nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides are also part of the heavy machines such as excavators and dumpers within the mine. Mining operations have also been found to hike the global budget on carbon (Ganapathi & Phukan, 2020). Trees destroyed during mining cause the loss of carbon sinks, and at the same time, heavy machinery in the mining site produces large amounts of carbon dioxide. Limestone mining is an energy-intensive activity and so large volumes of electricity and fossil fuels are used in the process and which pose an impact on overall climatic change.
From the above challenges, there is a need to carry out best practices of management during limestone mining via a robust system of environmental hazards diagnosis that impacts the populations within the mining area while obtaining the mineral resource. Adaptation methods of achieving better ecological outcome areas demonstrated below:
Figure 3: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mayuri-Phukan/publication/339304868_Environmental_Hazards_of_Limestone_Mining_and_Adaptive_Practices_for_Environment_Management_Plan/links/5f441373a6fdcccc43fa91c0/Environmental-Hazards-of-Limestone-Mining-and-Adapt
There is a need to put in place s plan for environmental management in mining activities and the projects’ post-completion. It is a good practice to ensure that ecosystem lost in the process of limestone mining is restored. Post-closure monitoring activities should involve all stakeholders to make sure that the area is put under active care (Ganapathi & Phukan, 2020).To ensure that the same is achieved, there is a need to place relevant regulations and policies for all activities around post-mining, pre-mining, and mining. They should be included in the plan on environmental management.
To capture soil and land environment mitigation measures, there is a need to separately store the topsoil away from the overburden to be utilized in greenbelt and plantation development immediately. Drains have to be constructed within the stockpiles to avoid further wastage and erosion. Land reclamation such as slope conversion or stabilization, exhaust pits backfilling, and water reservoirs restoration must be done. The results of land rehabilitation should not be expected after a short time but rather after a long time.
For biological environment mitigation measures, the lease area should further include 7.7m which will act as a safety zone and should be covered with the local species to maintain biological and ecological environments (Ganapathi & Phukan, 2020). The survival rate of the species should be recorded, and plantations were undertaken to cover the loss.
Water environment mitigation measures should include dewatering of the mine pits so that sufficient water is generated and consumed in the offices around the mine and ancillary facilities, reducing the withdrawal of fresh water. A working network of drains bearing sedimentation pits must be established to avoid flow and collection of lime materials to the nearby water bodies and drainage. Rainwater harvesting should be done in holes that have been mined-out to assist in maintaining and building the region’s groundwater regime. To avoid dust, should water roads and working areas be wet and that employees should be inspected weekly for good health and always ensure that they wear protective clothing while working.
Healthy and Social Issues Assessment
Mining activities pose biological hazards to those directly involved and through tropical diseases risks that dengue fever and malaria. Ankylostomiasis and Leptospirosis too are a challenge in mines where rats are a challenge. The mining operations pose an ergonomic threat, for although most of the tasks are mechanized, some jobs have to be done manually. Due to the hard work that people have to do, disorders related to cumulative trauma are common in mining sites and form the larger extend occupational diseases within mining centers and can, in turn, lead to prolonged cases of disability. Given that people also operate in broken ground, physical injuries may also result, such as knee and ankle injuries (Thergaonkar et al., 2019). Due to the hard-working environment that employees in a mining area are exposed to, they tend to be exposed to physiological challenges that make them be involved in alcohol and drug abuse.
Nevertheless, it is essential to apply blood alcohol, blood alcohol, or breath and drug metabolism before engaging workers. Given that most mining sites are located in remote areas, the workers are separated from family and close friends during working durations and exposed to psychological suffering. Post-traumatic related disorders may also at times occur among managers and even colleagues. Registered managers may find themselves on the wrong side of the law through the government holding them responsible for the occurrences affecting workers.
Limestone mining activities lead to dust emission and can result in hazardous impacts, especially during loading, drilling, and blasting. The crushed area can have plenty of dust, and the resulting illness can be that of pulmonary/respiratory, and are eye injuries have a higher likelihood of occurring. To have workers’ health status managed, the health status of all the workers has to be done before work begins and the record is maintained.
Traffic density is expected to increase in the area for several tippers with the tonnage of 25 will be operating in the roads for 12 hours and so an increase in the number of vehicles using the roads. The anticipated impact is that roads in the locality will be bad state as heavily loaded tippers will be using the road for many hours a day. Higher possibilities are also those minerals spillage will occur in the roads leading to dust accumulation and possible vision impairment of drivers causing accidents. The mitigation approach will be the use of flagging to regulate traffic. To avoid mineral spillage during transportation, all tippers will have their trailers covered using tarpaulin. A periodic inspection will also be carried out on all tippers to ensure that the exhaust norms are followed (Thergaonkar et al., 2019). Provided also will be traffic signage where a flagger will be placed at convergence points within the highways and locality roads to manage traffic and avoid the possibility of any mishap. That locality road will have to be repaired from time to time and strengthened.
There is an expected increase in the amount of waste dumped in a leased dumping site regarding soil. The dumped waste will consist of soil and weathered limestone, and it is expected that it will not lead to adverse impact to the environment will be void of harmful content. The existing waste in the dumping sites will have to be stabilized and rearranged to ensure that they are up to the expected waste disposal norms (UPADHYAY, 2017). Mitigation measures of ensuring safe waste disposal involve constructing a garland drain and collecting dumps’ runoff and establishing drains for storm water within the leased dump area. During heavy rains, water from the dumpsites is not able to move to the neighboring regions. The water will be harvested into pits. The Swindon VK company can use it during its mining activities, and so canceling any chances of eroding and degrading by the surface water.
To socially exist well with the surrounding community, the organization will place reasonable noise management measures. Blasting will only be conducted during favorable hours, where it will not be done at night time or even early morning hours. Machines utilized in the blasting activity will have noise muffling devices installed. A greenbelt with an adequate thick and wide canopy will be developed to surround the mining leased area to reduce noise reduction (Ganapathi & Phukan, 2020). Workers in areas experiencing high noise generation and where most employees will be absorbed from the society will have to be issued with personal equipment for noise protection to prevent hearing disorders.
Fresh air is an essential component of a good and healthy life. To enhance clean air in the organization, wet drilling will be practiced, and all activities around blasting and areas experiencing water scarcity, drill equipment with the capability to collect dust will be used. Haul roads will be utilized during limestone transportation will; regularly be sprinkled with water, and crushers will be installed with dust collection equipment.
The surrounding communities in which the project will be undertaken rely on fauna and flora as their food directly and indirectly for good health upkeep. Therefore, the company will try to manage any form of pollution to both fauna and flora and where dust is the primary pollutant and generated in various mining activities (Mawa, 2015). The significant impact on the surrounding vegetation is stomata plugging and incrustation, impairment of the photosynthesis process, and chlorophyll reduction. Plant metabolism will also be disturbed due to dust particles settling on the plant foliar surfaces, reducing plant growth. Other activities such as drilling holes, truck operation, and blasting result in noise pollution and animals’ impact. Some of the mitigation measures that the organization will observe to protect the surrounding biodiversity include restricting mining activities to daytime only to avoid disturbing fauna at night. That material will be covered in the process of transportation to prevent dusting. In consultation with the forest department, a plantation will be established consisting of the local plant species so that the regional hydrological and soil conditions are maintained and the hydrological balance. To manage fugitive emissions, water will be sprinkled along the haul roads, and that a hedge made up of sturdy wood plantation will be established around the lease area (UPADHYAY, 2017). Picking or removing plants, whether protected or not, will be pronounced an illegal activity; pits will also be fenced to prevent the falling of animals. Employees hired by the organization will be educated about the importance of protecting wildlife and so wild animals notices crossing will not be disturbed. The development of greenery will ensure that bird habitats are enhanced and that various fauna has a better environment.
Strategy for Public Participation
To enhance public participation, a panel will be composed of the pollution control board, members of the society, and representatives from the ministry of climate change, forest, and environment. The Swindon VK company regional officer is expected to run the public hearing activities. The public hearing needs to be communicated by the regional office, and after attendance, the guest is informed about the activity’s purpose. Members in attendance are then requested to come up with comments, complaints, suggestions, and objections if they have any concerning the proposed limestone mining project environmental aspects (Thergaonkar et al., 2019). The regional officer then selects a chairperson who runs the public participation; the hearing begins with attendants being briefed on the objective and concept of public involvement. As a rule, all participants are expected to conduct themselves peacefully as they give their opinion. Videography covering public involvement is to be done. Project proponents have to receive a presentation regarding the proposed limestone mining project, followed by objections/questions raised by the public hearing participants.
Before making any objection/query, participants should register their names so that the views they give are registered against their names and are covered in the meeting proceedings. Project proponents are to be encouraged by the chairman to provide the project presentation and the silent features in it. The environment consultant made a PowerPoint presentation concerning the project’s environmental aspects while covering the quiet parts to give the chairman a break. The proposed project proponents are expected to elaborate on a number of concerns that include a project description, project impact to the society, and mitigation measures for worries, among other issues.
A statement of issues is then to be made, where the first matter is expected to be on employment and how the project will create opportunities. Project proponents are assured that the necessary human resources to run the project after it is commissioned will be obtained from the locals according to their academic qualifications. The firm targets to employ about 100 people. Funds that the locality will get from the project are another primary concern; proponents are to be informed that about 10% of the project budget will be given to mineral development funds from where the community can access their share for development purposes areas affected. On pollution, proponents have assured that managed delayed blasting, and wet drilling will be utilized during the mining process to minimize pollution alongside the proposed EMP in the EIA report draft to minimize the emission of dust (UPADHYAY, 2017). Concerning the length of the lease and how it was established, project proponents are to be informed that whenever a company locates minerals, the government too does its survey to determine the minerals’ contents and which determines the length of the lease. According to previous findings and agreements, limestone mining activities are expected to continue up to 2026, as stipulated in the government contract.
In terms of environmental conservation strategies, proponents are to be informed that plantation of trees will be established across overburden and that garland drains will be established to avoid rainwater discharge into the surrounding agricultural land. A 7.5 meters buffer zone is to be established, and that accumulated water in garland will be utilized in tree plantations, wet mining activities, and dust suppression. Plantation of trees will also be done along the haul roads and on the two sides of locality roads to assist in increasing bees’ activity (Thergaonkar et al., 2019). On the safety of workers while in the mining facility, project proponents are informed that a first aid center will be constructed and that an ambulance will be on standby. In case of severe injuries, casualties can be rushed to the nearby hospital.
As to how long the company can renew its mining lease, project proponents are to be informed that renewal is based on the residual limestone underground and that it is the government that determines the extent to which a company can renew its mining lease. Concerns ranging on why trees had not been planted for the proponents to ensure that dust pollution will be controlled, proponents have to be informed that tree plantation can only be established after the mining activities are in progress. In a case where the early plantation of the trees is done, survival could be compromised, planting will only be done after making the project operational, and that tree seedlings with a height of 1.5 to 2 meters will be planted to enhance dust control as early as possible. In terms of who will own the land at the end of mining activity, members of the public must be informed that it is the government that enforced the receive. So the land will be in the government’s hand after company mining activities are offered.
Regarding the safety of the tree seedlings, proponents are informed that a barbed wire will be installed before tree planting is done and that tree plantation is the first thing to be done as ground preparation for mining is in progress (UPADHYAY, 2017). On the possibility of organizations depositing huge loyalties and the society benefiting little in terms of improved healthy and other social services, proponents are to be assured by the chairman in charge of a public hearing that the matter has to be included in the public hearing minutes and that a video shooting of the same done. Members of the surrounding society need to be informed that a bio-diversity plan is to be developed and that the local people will have their representatives in the committee.
After members of society have stopped airing their views and queries during public participation, the chairman is expected to inquire if there is any other issue or concern. If not, the public hearing is to be ended. Members of the society are then informed that a CXD containing recordings of the public hearing proceedings will be made available within the shortest time possible. The committee chairman is then expected to summarize the various points and concerns raised during the public hearing and then declares the public hearing officially closed. A vote of thanks is made to terminate the gathering.
Conclusion and Recommendation
Sustainable mining is essential to ensure that as the government benefits from taxes and other forms of income, community members are not left to suffer but that they are left with a better environment and social amenities via a sound EIA process. There is a need to utilize improved blasting techniques such as air decks and delaying to reduce materials blasted. Other methods of lowering limestone sizes need to be adopted, such as ripper and breaker, rock, splitter, and surface miner to do away with secondary blasting and reduce negative environmental by the mining activity. The surrounding community needs to be provided with intimation for any explosive and detonator action and that all drilling machines need to be fitted with devices for dust filtration.
How Constructivism and Futurism Arts Compare
In the world of art, futurism has its origin in Italy at the beginning of the 20th century and focused on the restlessness and the change of modern living, vitality and machine power, speed, energy, and dynamism. On the other hand, constructivism is an art that has its origin in Russia in early 1913, was engineered by Vladimir Tatlin, and was based on constructing a state of autonomous art. Constructivism art was made in factories and looked at modest materials and geometry, leading to paintings, photography, sculpture, and architectural designs. Although the two have different origins, it is futurism art and cubism that influenced constructivism art development. Constructivism and futurism compare in the sense that they both contribute to modern architectural designs. For instance, Filippo’s contribution to the futurism manifesto and foundation explains that their spirit and radiance were similar to what electric hearts would look like. Filippo demonstrates how constructivism of a dome-shaped mosque with filigreed brass made them behave like having radiance similar to that of electric hearts (Harrison, C, and Paul J. W, pg, 146).In the reading, the visual depiction of the mosque lamps, which is in modern construction standards, causes triggers to their hearts and is made to generate radiations. The two differ in how constructivism looks at how materials can be used to construct modern and appealing models.
On the other hand, futurism emphasizes machines’ role in enhancing efficacy in a modern world where their impact is more of a felt form. While futurism is centered on the mental and feeling impression, constructivism looks at the material as a matter and body. The conversion of raw material into a new form keeps the memory of its original form and possibilities of new forms in which it can be converted (Harrison, C, and Paul J. W, pg, 343). Despite the difference, constructivism and futurism arts coexist in making the world a better place.
Introduction
Music plays a critical role in building the social life of people both aged and the young, and that people have access to music on a daily basis. Given the surrounding environment in which one lives has got an influence on how they live and conduct themselves, the kind of music that people listen to contribute a lot in molding their character. The capability of music to change people behavior and especially among young people who have to get lessons from the music they listen has led to concerns that particular music varieties may have detrimental impact on the listeners and especially the youth who have to grow with such morals. Hip-hop also referred to as rap music is music genre that has traded in the past three decades due to its popularity has been linked to the promotion of bad behavior among its listeners. Those who generate the songs have been found to promote substance abuse and violence in the song lyrics and that promotion of this immoral conducts are more pronounced in the rap music unlike other genres (Harakeh & Bogt, 2018). Indeed, referrals for substance abuse have been found to be commonly used in rap music, now that the music attracts most youths and especially among the black communities where it has been attributed to influence them to using drugs at early age and indulging in other moral decay conducts. This paper seeks to establish if it’s true that hip-hop music contribute to moral decay among black American youths.
The History of Hip-hop/Rap Music
The rap music has its history associated with communities living in the United States east coast among the downtrodden communities in the urban. The hip-hop music originated in South Bronx in 1970s at characterized by serious economic downfall and political conservatism. The music was associated with a particular political party and could be played at homes and also public parks gatherings. The music got accepted and became deep rooted among communities who developed it and it was treated a high significance level socially. The rap music immediately became one of the high class forms of expression among Latino and black communities living in New York and especially among their youths at a time when they were seriously hit by epoch economic decline and conservative politics. Regardless of its content, rap music was then regarded as essential social-political development. The music became a social space arena where youths who felt disenfranchised aired their concerns, and it met the purpose as people from those communities could speak freely and have their angst expressed. As the music grew and expanded over time, it could be noted that bigger content of the hip-hop music generated for airplay in video and radio contained sexist images and talk .The use of violence and sex in rap songs was geared towards ensuring that the owners of the music make large sales in the market. Currently, although a bigger number of record labels that are high ranking are owned by blacks, it would be misleading for one to think thank the genre is purely controlled by Americans of African origin for large corporations involves in the music distribution are owned by whites.
Rap Music Influence on Sexual Health issues among Black American Youths
Youths from African Americans origin have been found to have higher chances of contacting sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV/AIDS and teen pregnancies and so erupting an important public health concern .Findings indicate that teenagers of black American origin have low coping skills and that behavioral intentions education was not well spread among the girls .Intervention concerns to manage the gap were that soul mate selection and goal setting should be included in the curriculum. The use of hip-hop music was found to enhance sustained participation during relationships education and talents promotion by youth instructor. Issues surrounding sexual behavior abstinence and stress management were highly influence by the desire by youth to display their talents and so popular music played a critical role (Akintobi et al., 2011). To enhance outcome of learning, the incorporation of hip-hop and rap as well as the youth culture of African American in art classes was found to enhance learning outcome in on prevention sexual health issues. Conclusion could then be made that, the contents of hip-hop music played a critical role in modeling the behavior and conduct of youths from the African America background.
Composing of hip-hop songs has in most cases been feminine for it serves as an opportunity for the male black rappers to express their devotion and love from a traditional background where heterosexual women are wooed by heterosexual men (Rebollo‐Gil & Moras, 2012). It can then be concluded that rap songs that are rich in sexual information and dances would influence teenager girls that are black American to engage in early sexual contacts leading sexual health concerns because their music is part of a culture they value.
Influence of Hip-Hop Music on Drugs Use and Crime
In the rap music industry, drugs and alcohol referrals are common and so the use of drugs names could trigger those who value the music to start using them. While voice referral alone while listening may not be enough to trigger young people, the use of music video has major impact in transforming behavior. A number of substances varieties are frequently portrayed / depicted in rap music videos and that they may serve as sufficient stimuli to influence the use of the drugs (Harakeh & Bogt, 2018). Big names in the hip-hop industry have been found to embrace criminal lifestyle and even associate themselves with names of corrupt dictators in the Latin America, drug dealers and mafia kingpins. Some of the names include Noreaga, Mussolini, Nas Escobar and Caponen among others and even some of the music videos model after known gangsters such as The Godfather and Casino (Rebollo‐Gil & Moras, 2012). A number of rap artists have also been previously convicted and jailed for crime offences around sexual assult and murder while other have been linked and linked with criminal enterprise. Such musicians have a negative impact on the youth who hold them as role models and so they may influence young African American youths to join drugs abuse and crime.
Conclusion
It is true that one way or another, hip-hop music contribute to the moral decay of black American youths. The reason being that black Americans feel that rap music is their product and part of their culture and so value it to the level of being influenced and treating singers as role models. The music and which is rich in sexual content and drug use content, make teenagers engages in sexual conduct at tender age and so conducting sexually transmitted diseases and at the same time engage in drug abuse activities. It can further be concluded that , rap music is not the only genre that lead to moral decay for there is also other music types such as pop which promote the same. Although hip-hop music has Latino and Black Americans origin , it creates business that revolve around both blacks and whites and so it influences all races in America
The clip begins by stating that Frederick Douglas was a humanitarian who used the Civil war in the south and the North in freeing over 4 million slaves. Frederick is attributed to his take in the maltreatment of the blacks who suffers immensely in the hands of the people of Caucasian.
He fought for the equality of all races in America.
He expressed deep and rich tone in his speech.
Was a slave who freed himself and took turn to help others attain their freedom. Had a unanimous ability.
Frederick Douglas 1845
Born in
He never knew who his father was
Mid-Week Peek: Phillis Wheatley, the biographer, was also the author of head my tidings from the Affric muse, Richard kigel. In Phillis’s biography, Richard situates each poem in a specific context in which it was written. Phillis’s poetry is well opened up to realize her voice a new by the biographer Richard to a more accessible context that is easily understood and to tell how timely it was quickly. On July 4th, Richard Kigen argued that Phillis should be listed among the founding fathers and mothers, as she named her polite glorious of the African revolution. On July 18th, 1776, the copy of the decoration of independence from Singhania arrived in Boston. People gathered to witness the first public reading of freedom’s decoration, and everyone understood the symbolism was thirteen currencies for thirteen states. Boston had been a city of misery since it had been occupied by the British since 1768. In April 1775, Boston’s size happened, and Philis, who was a free woman, left with the rest, and after the British left, they all returned. Phillis was 23years when she heard the American soul’s secret words (We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal. Their creator endows them with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.) Phyllis greatest wish for America was seen in one of her poems where it was written (The glorious dispensation of evil and religious liberty, which are so inseparably united. There is little or no enjoyment of one without the other. ) Phillis used to condemn slavery referred to modern Egyptian, in the poem, (In every human breast God has implanted a principle, which we call the love of freedom. It is impatient of oppression and pants for deliverance. And by the leave of our modern Egyptians, I will assert, that the same Principle lives in us.).
In the breast of every human, God implanted a principle referred to as freedom love, and it has no patience for oppression and pants in pursuit of deliverance. Even for Egyptians in the modern days, the freedom love principle still lives with them. The statement left those who defended slavery naked before almighty God and defenseless. On February 11, the year 1774, Phyllis Wheatley went on to write on how to reverse disposition, and the call for liberty concerning the application of power of oppression had a perfect agreement. So there was no need for a philosopher to explain.
In General Buster’s death poem in 1778, Phillis Wheatley wrote on how their presumptuously hope to achieve divine acceptance within the all-powerful mind was still a dream at a time when blameless Affric’s race is still held in bondage. Her prayer was for virtue to rein and that they may attain victory and great freedom for the oppressed. She illustrated in her poem that blacks mattered when it came to the issue of freedom. One of the main concerns about why Phillis Wheatley should be enlisted among founding mothers and father is that she corresponded with five of them. One of them is John Hickok, who lived in Boston and would visit her home and as a business partner, and so he was well conversant with her work and endorsed her work to be verified. Second is Benjamin Franklin, who was of the most famous American descent in the world and met Phillis Wheatley on her visit to London and had a meeting in his apartment.
Third, being John Washington, who acknowledged her work and even invited her for a visit in his Cambridge home over a publication that he needed to make. Also is Benjamin Rush, a doctor from Philadelphia and one of the individuals who decorated independence. Rush wife also collected several poems from Phillis. Rush also wrote a book where he praised her work and corresponded with her work in all his writing. Lastly was Captain John Paul Jones, a naval wars hero and who when at his home had some consultation with Phillis. Those entire contacts demon straight that Phillis Wheatley was well known and that those great heroes respected her work and who she was and her litterateur work, and so she is elevated to be a person who was important when mentioning great men of the time.
Although most of the players were whites, she had an impact despite being an African woman. She had experiences of slavery, and this makes her a famous person whose contributions should be remembered. On that basis, the name of Phillis Wheatley should always appear when the names of founding mothers and fathers are mentioned. Richard demonstrates that Phillis Wheatley began her poetry workshop at the tender age of 15 years in 1768, a poem names America where she showed the tension between colonies and great women. Within that year, she also wrote a poem that repealed the American stamp enactment to the ending bad rule. Still, in 1768, she wrote a poem on troops landing and the arrival of warships in response to Boston’s occupation by British powers.
In 1770, Phillis wrote a poem on the murder of Mr. Snider to highlight a case where a boy of eleven years was shot during a protest. She named his killing the 1st murder on the cause. Phillis also witnessed a mass killing in Boston where blacks were killed as they sought freedom and memorized them in her 5th March King Street affray poem. In 1775 she wrote a poem to President George Washington where she coined the name Colombia, which the British applied to mean colonies. Her poem about Colombia to the president contributed to Colombia’s rise to an iconic figure. It is demonstrated as a pleasant woman surrounded by stars and was the topmost symbol in America until world war two. The increase of Colombia gave rise to the 1st personification of the American spirit. All these contributions make Phillis be among the most enduring gift in US history.
In 1784, great celebrations were held in Boston, where bell ringing were heard, and the name of Phillis Wheatley appeared in a four-page publication praising her for her contribution towards peace and liberty. In 1784, she wrote a poem on peace and freedom where she demonstrated how peace and freedom would bring radiance into the lives of the oppressed and make them shine. Which ends with a flaming torch referred to as the golden ray and an explanation on how peace and freedom will make Colombia be field with auspicious heaven and her golden rays spread by heavenly freedom? The 1784 poem was her last poem writing and her inspiration towards liberty, and so it would be impossible for a list of founding mothers and fathers to be coined without her name.
She is then listed to have made one of the misunderstood contributions in American and America history. Her work is more inspiring as she did much of her work as a teenager and later died at the age of 31 years before her poultry work maturation. The work of Phillis seems to fade as most people don’t know her, and a few mention her as a Boston slave without talking about her poultry work. There is a need to public her classical poultry, and terms she used in her times, such as ‘black lives matter’ are still being used in the twenty-first century to demonstrate how people should care for their brothers and sisters. She was the only person of African origin Whom George Washington acknowledged and even interacted socially. So Richard Kigel feels that Americans should reexamine the contribution of such people as he concludes her biography.
Why More Women Should be Employed and Promoted to Top Positions
Question One Response
Research on leadership styles indicates a shift towards a more transformational form that emphasizes interpersonal and emotional intelligence skills. For the time being, studies have established that women will perform better than men when the aspects of emotions are considered in leadership (De Mascia, 2015). The leadership landscape has undergone numerous changes where transformational leadership is more acceptable than traditional transactional leadership. The transformational form of leadership incorporates emotional intelligence and authentic forms of leadership. This relatively new leadership style emphasizes engagement and motivation, and the formation of a shared goal. Much effort has also been put into transformational leadership, effectively delivering success in business organizations.
Cartwright’s research findings indicate that women are better team managers than men; this has been attributed to having a high regard for responsibility and people. Research work findings suggest that ladies are more visionary and have also been more transformational than their male counterparts (De Mascia, 2015). The high emotional intelligence ability in women can be attributed to being the primary cause of employees being happier in organizations where women hold top leadership.
Given that workers have emotions like anyone else, they will be more comfortable having bosses who can read their feelings and offer a solution to the challenges they face. The uptake of women into leadership positions has also led to creating a more inclusive company culture (Huang et al., 2019). Women leadership has made groups underrepresented and women happier in the work environment.
Question Two Response
Gender inequality has a long history, right from the industrial revolution where paid market production labor was purely sourced from men while women would perform unpaid household duties. The ideology of the white middle class further strengthened the ideology of division of work along the gender line, which portrayed women as purely fit for homemaking. Simultaneously, men belonged to the public sphere involving paid labor (Kalev & Deutsch, 2018). The ideal norm of a worker is one area in which gender inequality is depicted in the workplace. The model requires that an employee be wholly devoted to work without any competing demands all year round. Because of the many family responsibilities associated with women, they have been considered incongruent with the norm over time. Gender inequality has further been fueled by sex segregation. While men are masculine and fit for entry levels in organizations, women are most regarded as weak and have little to offer the employment organizations. Women’s lack of opportunity to join this organization as low-ranking employees further denies them promotion opportunities to top ranks. The menace of gender inequality can be solved through gender equality, where gender equality is a concept where all people are treated in a manner that offers them equal outcomes and opportunities (IPPF., 2017). The need to achieve gender equality is fueled by the fact that it’s impossible to achieve the highest level of reproductive and sexual health without gender equality and the setting of sustainable development goals. To achieve and understand gender equality, there is a need to view gender via an intersectional lens. There is a need to include gender inequality among other sources of stigma, discrimination, and oppression such as age, sexual orientation, race, status, ability, and wealth. Developing such an intersectional lens and putting in place sufficient laws, gender inequality in workplaces, and how women are viewed.
In circumstances where one is leaving their area to another area where a different culture is practiced, they have to undergo acculturation where they learn and acquire adaptation skills in that new resident. Yu Ming, a shop seller born and conversant with Chinese culture, plans to leave his home country and go to Ireland, where he thinks it’s greener, unlike back home where employers are rough. To prepare for his job hunt in Ireland, he undergoes acculturation, where he spends six months studying and understanding the Irish language to get employment easily. In the film, the maker insists on the importance of young Irish people to express themselves concerning who their name is and spell it confidently. The continuous practice demonstrates the particular emphasis on Irish culture by Yu Ming on how to express his name upon inquiry in an acceptable way.
In his acculturation process while in Ireland, Yu Ming, the process is fastened by the fact that he is young, open-minded, and a risk-taker. His young age played a role in learning a bit of English and the Irish language significantly. Yu Ming’s capability to be open-minded is demonstrated by the fact that he could cope with the Iris people despite most of them having assimilated to Great Britain English and dropping their language. He is also open-minded because to modify a knife and a fork into a chopstick after being offered food in the Isaacs hotel. He also demonstrated his risk-taking ability by getting into a bar with unfamiliar people and expressing himself while in a foreign country. Yu Ming’s experience of coping with new eating habits is common among new immigrants in our nation as they have to cope with new food varieties and eating habits.
